According to NASA, who manages the program on behalf of NOAA, the ATMS instrument is the next-generation cross-track microwave sounder that will combine the capabilities of current generation microwave temperature sounders that are flying on NOAA’s Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellites. The JPSS-1 satellite will host the ATMS and other instruments necessary to provide civil weather forecasting and climate data under the JPSS program.
According to the NASA press release, ”JPSS is the restructured civilian portion of the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS). This system includes the satellites and sensors supporting civil weather and climate measurements and a shared ground infrastructure with the Department of Defense weather satellite system.”